Table 1 Univariate risk analysis of factors associated with T. gondii seropositivity in sheep and goats

Age

1–2

145

17

11.7

28.8–37.6

0.170

> 2–3

223

33

14.8

46.1–55.5

> 3–4

55

11

20.0

9.7–16.0

> 5

16

0

0

2.2–5.9

Sex

Female

405

59

14.6

89.3–9.4

0.160

Male

34

2

5.9

5.6–10.7

Species

Goat

275

29

10.5

58.0-67.1

0.009

Sheep

164

32

19.5

32.9–42.0

Breed

Boerbok

108

7

6.5

20.8–28.9

0.028

Dorper

18

0

0

2.6–6.4

Kalahari red

1

0

0

0.3–1.6

Mixed

291

53

18.2

61.7–70.6

Polled Dorset

2

0

0

0.1–1.8

Saanen

2

0

0

0.1–1.8

White Dorper

17

1

5.9

2.4–6.2

Type of farm

Commercial

83

9

10.8

15.5–22.9

0.372

Communal

356

52

14.6

77.1–84.5

District municipality

Bojanala Platinum

77

4

5.2

14.3–21.4

< 0.001

Dr Kennet Kaunda

30

1

3.3

4.8–9.6

Dr Ruth Segomotsi Mompati

87

19

21.8

16.3–23.8

Ngaka Modiri Molema

245

37

15.1

51.1–60.4

Local Municipality

Greater Taung

31

1

3.2

5.0-9.9

< 0.001

JB Marks

12

0

0

1.6–4.8

Kagisano-Molopo

31

5

16.1

5.0-9.9

Kgetlengrivier

10

0

0

1.2–4.2

Madibeng

6

0

0

0.6- 3.0

Mahikeng

165

7

4.2

33.2–42.2

Maquassi Hills

18

1

5.6

2.6–6.4

Moretele

41

3

7.3

6.9–12.5

Moses Kotane

20

1

5.0

2.9–6.9

Naledi

25

13

52.0

3.8–8.3

Ramotshere Moiloa

22

9

40.9

3.3–7.5

Ratlou

58

21

36.2

10.3–16.7

Presence of cats

Yes

129

31

24.0

25.3–33.8

< 0.001

No

310

30

9.7

66.2–74.7

Breeding

Natural

422

60

14.2

93.9–97.6

0.330

Natural and AI

17

1

5.9

2.4–6.2

History of abortion

Aborted

80

19

23.8

14.9–22.1

0.005

No history

359

42

11.7

77.9–85.1

Disposal of aborted material

Burn

8

0

0

0.9–3.6

0.014

Burn or bury

9

3

33.3

1.1–3.9

Bury

90

15

16.7

16.9–24.6

Burn or hang on the tree

64

11

17.2

11.6–18.2

No history of abortion

251

32

12.7

52.5–61.8

Send to the state vet

17

0

0

2.4–6.2

Disposal of manure

Dispose

59

8

13.6

10.6–16.9

0.027

Dispose in a hole and close

10

0

0

1.2–4.2

Do not dispose

71

3

4.2

13.0-19.9

Use as fertilizer for plants

299

50

16.7

63.6–72.3

Origin of animals

Auction

112

7

6.3

21.6–29.8

< 0.001

Local market

174

28

16.1

35.2–44.3

Local market and auction

19

12

63.2

2.8–6.7

Local market and own breed

30

8

26.7

4.8–9.6

Own breed

104

6

5.8

19.9–27.9

Source of water

Borehole

261

41

15.7

54.8–63.9

0.067

Borehole and dam

76

9

11.8

14.0-21.6

Borehole and tap water

26

0

0

4.1–8.6

Borehole and river

21

1

4.8

2.6–6.4

Dam

37

4

10.8

6.2–11.4

Tap water

21

6

28.6

3.1–7.2

Feeding system

Free grazing

101

17

16.8

19.3–27.2

< 0.001

Free grazing and farm-fed

130

3

2.3

25.5–34.1

Free grazing and home-fed

199

41

20.6

40.7–50.0

Home fed

9

0

0

1.1–3.9

Feed storage

Not applicable

91

17

18.7

17.2–24.8

0.309

Stored in a car garage

28

5

18

4.4–9.1

Stored in a designated room

302

38

12.6

64.3–72.9

Stored in a designated shack

18

1

5.6

2.6–6.4